Daga Annabi Adamu, mutum na farko kuma annabi na farko, zuwa Annabi Muhammadu ﷺ, manzo na ƙarshe, an ambaci annabawa ashirin da biyar a cikin Alƙur'ani. Sun rayu a ƙasashe daban-daban da ƙarnuka daban-daban, kuma sun zo da saƙo ɗaya da bai taɓa canzawa ba: ku bauta wa Allah shi kaɗai.
Imani da annabawa yana ɗaya daga cikin rukunan imani na Musulunci. Muminai suna cewa, “Ba mu rarrabewa tsakanin kowa daga cikin manzanninsa” (Alƙur'ani 2:285). Alƙur'ani kuma ya faɗa mana cewa bai ambaci sunayensu duka ba: “Mun aiko manzanni kafin kai. Daga cikinsu akwai waɗanda muka ba ka labarinsu, kuma daga cikinsu akwai waɗanda ba mu ba ka labarinsu ba” (Alƙur'ani 40:78). An aiko kowace al'umma mai gargaɗi (35:24), don haka cikakken adadinsu Allah ne kaɗai ya sani. An ambaci sunayen ashirin da biyar, kuma wannan jagora tana ba da taƙaitaccen bayani mai tushe kan kowannensu.
A taƙaice
Goma sha takwas a sashe ɗaya
Musulmi suna cewa “aminci ya tabbata a gare shi” bayan sunan kowane annabi; domin sauƙin karanta wannan shafi, muna rubuta shi sau ɗaya, a bayanin kowane annabi a ƙasa. Sūrat al-Anʿām tana ɗauke da wani sashe mai ban mamaki. Bayan ta bayyana yadda Annabi Ibrahim ya yi wa mutanensa hujja, sai ta ambaci annabawa goma sha takwas a cikin ayoyi huɗu: Ibrahim, Is'haka, Yakubu, Nuhu, Dawuda, Sulaimanu, Ayuba, Yusufu, Musa, Haruna, Zakariyya, Yahaya, Isa, Ilyasu, Isma'ila, Alyasa'u, Yunusa da Lutu (Alƙur'ani 6:83–86). Sauran bakwai an ambace su a wasu wurare: Adamu, Idris, Hudu, Salihu, Shu'aibu, Zulkifli da Muhammadu ﷺ.
Jerin da ke ƙasa shi ne wanda aka fi amfani da shi, wanda ke bin tarihi kusan yadda malamai suka fahimta. Ga wasu annabawa ainihin jerin ba tabbatacce ba ne, kuma Alƙur'ani kansa ya fi damuwa da darussansu fiye da kwanakinsu.
Su ashirin da biyar, ɗaya bayan ɗaya
1. Adamu
Annabi Adamu (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) shi ne mutum na farko kuma annabi na farko. Allah ya sanar wa mala'iku cewa zai sanya halifa a bayan ƙasa (2:30), sannan “ya sanar da Adamu sunaye, dukansu” (2:31). Bayan shi da matarsa sun ci daga bishiyar da aka hana, ya karɓi kalmomin tuba daga Ubangijinsa, kuma Allah ya karɓi tubansa (2:37). Labarinsa shi ne darasi na farko a kan komawa ga Allah bayan kuskure.
2. Idris
An siffanta Annabi Idris (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) da cewa “mai yawan gaskiya ne, annabi” wanda Allah “ya ɗaukaka shi zuwa wani matsayi maɗaukaki” (19:56–57), kuma ana ƙirga shi cikin masu haƙuri (21:85). Malamai da yawa sun ce shi ne Enoch (Akhnukh), ko da yake Alƙur'ani bai ba da cikakken bayani game da rayuwarsa ba.
3. Nuhu
Annabi Nuhu (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) ya kira mutanensa zuwa ga Allah har “shekara dubu ban da hamsin” (29:14), dare da rana, a fili da a ɓoye, kamar yadda surar da aka sanya wa sunansa ta bayyana (Sura ta 71). Da suka ƙi, Allah ya umarce shi ya gina jirgi ya ɗauki muminai da kuma ma'aurata biyu daga kowace dabba (11:40).
4. Hudu
An aiko Annabi Hudu (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) zuwa ga Adawa (ʿĀd), mutane masu ƙarfi a tuddan yashi na al-Aḥqāf (46:21). Saƙonsa iri ɗaya ne da na kowane annabi: “Ya mutanena, ku bauta wa Allah; ba ku da wani abin bautawa face Shi” (7:65).
5. Salihu
An aiko Annabi Salihu (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) zuwa ga Samudawa (Thamūd), waɗanda suka sassaƙa gidaje a cikin duwatsu. Allah ya ba su taguwa a matsayin aya bayyananna, ya ce kada su cutar da ita (7:73). Suka kashe ta, sai azaba ta biyo baya.
6. Ibrahim
Annabi Ibrahim (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) ya dubi tauraro, da wata, da rana, ya ga kowanne ya faɗi, sai ya fuskantar da kansa ga Wanda ya halicce su duka (6:76–79). Mutanensa suka jefa shi a cikin wuta, sai Allah ya ce, “Ya wuta, ki zama sanyi da aminci ga Ibrahim” (21:69). Allah ya riƙe shi masoyi na kusa, khalīl (4:125), kuma ya ɗaga harsashin Ka'aba tare da ɗansa Isma'ila (2:127).
7. Lutu
Annabi Lutu (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi), ɗan ɗan'uwan Annabi Ibrahim bisa ga malaman tarihi, an aiko shi zuwa ga mutanen da suka ƙi gargaɗinsa game da ɓarnarsu ta fili (26:160–175). Mala'iku suka zo suka faɗa masa ya fita da iyalinsa da dare kafin azaba ta zo (11:81).
8. Isma'ila
Annabi Isma'ila (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi), babban ɗan Annabi Ibrahim, ya kasance “mai cika alƙawari, kuma ya kasance manzo, annabi” (19:54). Ya taimaka wa mahaifinsa wajen gina Ka'aba (2:127). Yawancin malamai sun ce shi ne ɗan da ke cikin labarin yanka, wanda ya ce, “Ya babana, ka aikata abin da ake umurtarka” (37:102), kafin Allah ya fanshe shi (37:107).
9. Is'haka
Annabi Is'haka (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) shi ne ɗan da aka yi wa Annabi Ibrahim da matarsa Saratu alƙawari a lokacin tsufansu. Da mala'iku suka ziyarta, ta yi dariya, sai suka yi mata albishir “da Is'haka, kuma bayan Is'haka, Yakubu” (11:71). Ana kiransa “annabi daga cikin salihai” (37:112).
10. Yakubu
Annabi Yakubu (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi), ɗan Annabi Is'haka, ana kuma kiransa Isra'ila. Da ya rasa ɗansa Yusufu ya ce, “Haƙuri mai kyau shi ne mafi dacewa” (12:18), daga baya kuma ya ce, “Ina kai kukan damuwata da baƙin cikina ga Allah kaɗai” (12:86). A gadon mutuwarsa ya tambayi 'ya'yansa me za su bauta wa bayansa (2:133).
11. Yusufu
Labarin Annabi Yusufu (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) ya cika sura guda, wadda Alƙur'ani ke kira “mafi kyawun labarai” (12:3). Yana farawa da mafarkin wani yaro na taurari goma sha ɗaya, da rana da wata (12:4), sannan ya ratsa ta rijiya, bauta, ƙazafi da kurkuku. Yana ƙarewa da yafewar sa ga 'yan'uwansa da suka zalunce shi: “Babu zargi a kanku a yau” (12:92).
12. Ayuba
An jarrabi Annabi Ayuba (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) da doguwar rashin lafiya da asara, kuma ya yi haƙuri. Ya yi kira, “Lallai cuta ta shafe ni, kuma Kai ne Mafi jin ƙan masu jin ƙai”, sai Allah ya amsa masa kuma ya mayar masa da abin da ya rasa (21:83–84). Allah ya faɗa game da shi, “Mun same shi mai haƙuri, madalla da bawan nan; lallai shi mai yawan komawa ne” (38:44).
13. Shu'aibu
An aiko Annabi Shu'aibu (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) zuwa ga Madyanawa, mutane 'yan kasuwa da ke cuta a ma'auni da mudu. Kiransa ya haɗa imani da gaskiya a mu'amala: ku bauta wa Allah shi kaɗai, kuma ku cika mudu (7:85).
14. Musa
Annabi Musa (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) shi ne annabin da aka fi ambata a cikin Alƙur'ani. Tun yana jariri mahaifiyarsa ta sanya shi a kogi bisa umurnin Allah (28:7). Allah ya yi masa magana kai tsaye (4:164), ya aike shi zuwa ga Fir'auna, kuma ya raba masa teku shi da Banu Isra'ila (26:63). Addu'arsa kafin wannan aiki har yanzu tana kan harsunan muminai: “Ya Ubangijina, ka yalwata mini ƙirjina, kuma ka sauƙaƙa mini al'amarina” (20:25–26).
15. Haruna
Annabi Haruna (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) ɗan'uwan Annabi Musa ne. Annabi Musa ya roƙi Allah ya sanya shi mataimakinsa, kuma Allah ya ba shi: “Muka ba shi, daga rahamarmu, ɗan'uwansa Haruna a matsayin annabi” (19:53; duba kuma 20:29–32).
16. Zulkifli
An ambaci Annabi Zulkifli (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) sau biyu, a duka biyun cikin masu haƙuri da zaɓaɓɓu (21:85, 38:48). Alƙur'ani bai ba da labarinsa ba, kuma malamai sun saɓa kan ko wane ne shi. Yawancinsu suna ƙirga shi cikin annabawa, yayin da wasu suka ce mutumin kirki ne ba annabi ba.
17. Dawuda
Annabi Dawuda (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) ya kashe Jalutu (Goliath) yana saurayi, kuma Allah ya ba shi mulki da hikima (2:251). An ba shi Zabura (4:163). Duwatsu da tsuntsaye sun yi tasbihi ga Allah tare da shi, kuma Allah ya tausasa masa ƙarfe (34:10). Shi ma ana kiransa awwāb, mai yawan komawa ga Allah (38:17).
18. Sulaimanu
Annabi Sulaimanu (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi), ɗan Annabi Dawuda, an sanar da shi maganar tsuntsaye (27:16) kuma an ba shi iko kan iska (21:81). Da wata tururuwa ta gargaɗi 'yan'uwanta su kauce wa hanyar rundunarsa, sai ya yi murmushi ya roƙi Allah ya sa ya zama mai godiya (27:18–19). Duk da ikonsa, yabon Allah gare shi iri ɗaya ne da na mahaifinsa: “madalla da bawan nan; lallai shi mai yawan komawa ne” (38:30).
19. Ilyasu
Annabi Ilyasu (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) ya kasance “ɗaya daga cikin manzanni”. Ya tambayi mutanensa me yasa suke roƙon gunkin Ba'al kuma suke barin “Mafi kyawun masu halitta” (37:123–125).
20. Alyasa'u
An ambaci Annabi Alyasa'u (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) sau biyu, cikin waɗanda Allah ya fifita da kuma cikin zaɓaɓɓu (6:86, 38:48). Alƙur'ani bai ba da labarinsa dalla-dalla ba.
21. Yunusa
Annabi Yunusa (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) ya bar mutanensa cikin fushi kuma wani babban kifi ya haɗiye shi (37:139–142). A cikin duhu ya yi kira, “Babu abin bautawa face Kai; tsarki ya tabbata a gare Ka. Lallai ni na kasance daga azzalumai”, sai Allah ya cece shi (21:87–88). Daga baya mutanensa suka yi imani, kuma Alƙur'ani ya keɓe su a matsayin garin da imaninsu ya zo a kan lokaci ya cece su (10:98).
22. Zakariyya
Annabi Zakariyya (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) shi ne majiɓincin Maryamu (3:37). Yana tsoho da furfura, ya yi addu'a a ɓoye domin samun ɗa (19:3–4), kuma yana tsaye yana sallah sai mala'iku suka yi masa albishir da ɗa (3:39).
23. Yahaya
Annabi Yahaya (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi), ɗan Annabi Zakariyya, an ba shi sunan da babu wanda ya taɓa ɗauka kafinsa (19:7) da hikima tun yana yaro. Allah ya siffanta shi da kyautatawa ga iyayensa, tsarkakakke, kuma ba mai girman kai ko saɓo ba, kuma ya aminta a kansa a ranar da aka haife shi, ranar da zai mutu da ranar da za a tashe shi (19:12–15).
24. Isa
Annabi Isa (aminci ya tabbata a gare shi), ɗan Maryamu, an haife shi ba tare da uba ba (3:47) kuma ya yi magana a cikin shimfiɗar jariri: “Ni bawan Allah ne. Ya ba ni Littafi kuma ya sanya ni annabi” (19:30). Ya warkar kuma ya raya matattu da izinin Allah (3:49). Alƙur'ani ya bayyana cewa ba a kashe shi ba kuma ba a gicciye shi ba (4:157), kuma ya yi albishir da wani manzo da zai zo bayansa (61:6).
25. Muhammadu ﷺ
Annabi Muhammadu ﷺ shi ne “Manzon Allah kuma cikamakon annabawa” (33:40), wanda aka aiko “domin rahama ga talikai” (21:107). An saukar masa da Alƙur'ani a tsawon shekaru ashirin da uku, kuma shi ne abin koyin da aka umarci muminai su bi (33:21).
Annabawa biyar ma'abota ƙarfin niyya
Alƙur'ani ya umarci Annabi ﷺ ya yi haƙuri “kamar yadda ma'abota ƙarfin niyya daga manzanni suka yi haƙuri” (Alƙur'ani 46:35). Yawancin malamai sun ce waɗannan Ulul-ʿAzm su biyar ne: Nuhu, Ibrahim, Musa, Isa da Muhammadu ﷺ. An ambace su tare a Sūrat al-Aḥzāb (33:7) da ash-Shūrā (42:13), kowannensu ya ɗauki saƙo cikin jarabawowi masu tsawo da nauyi ƙwarai.
Saƙo ɗaya, iyali ɗaya
Ku sake karanta bayanansu, za ku ga jumla ɗaya tana ta komawa: “Ya mutanena, ku bauta wa Allah; ba ku da wani abin bautawa face Shi.” Alƙur'ani ya ce wannan ne zuciyar kowane aiki na manzanci: “Ba mu aiko wani manzo kafin kai ba face mun yi masa wahayi cewa: babu abin bautawa face Ni, saboda haka ku bauta mini” (Alƙur'ani 21:25).
'Yan'uwantaka ɗaya: Annabi ﷺ ya ce, “Annabawa 'yan'uwa ne daga uwaye daban-daban, kuma addininsu ɗaya ne” (Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 3443, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 2365). Kowanne ya zo wa mutanensa, amma ainihin kiran bai taɓa canzawa ba.
Cikakkun bayanan shari'o'insu sun bambanta, amma ɗabi'unsu ba su bambanta ba: haƙuri, gaskiya, godiya da komawa ga Allah. Yawancin addu'o'in da muke amfani da su a yau sun fito kai tsaye daga gare su, kamar Annabi Yunusa a cikin duhu, Annabi Musa kafin aikinsa da Annabi Ayuba a cikin rashin lafiyarsa. Labaransu kuma suna bayyana yawancin Sunayen Allah. Don ganin yadda, karanta jagorarmu kan Sunayen Allah 99.
Ku koyi labaransu
Bayan kowane suna akwai labarin da ya cancanci a san shi sosai. Hanya mai kyau ta farawa ita ce ɗaukar annabi ɗaya a kowane mako: ku karanta ayoyin da aka ambata a sama a cikin surorinsu, sannan wani amintaccen tafsiri. Wasan Ilimi yana da cikakken jigo kan annabawa, tare da saiti ga kowane babban annabi kuma kowace amsa ana nuna ta tare da tushenta, kuma rubutunmu na blog Annabawa ashirin da biyar, fage ɗaya bayan ɗaya ya bayyana yadda aka gina waɗannan saitin.
Tambayoyin da aka fi yi
Annabawa nawa aka ambata a cikin Alƙur'ani?
An ambaci annabawa ashirin da biyar a cikin Alƙur'ani, daga Annabi Adamu zuwa Annabi Muhammadu ﷺ. Goma sha takwas daga cikinsu sun bayyana a sashe guda, 6:83–86. Alƙur'ani ya ce Allah ya aiko manzannin da bai ba da labarinsu ba (40:78), don haka cikakken adadin Allah ne kaɗai ya sani, kuma Musulmi sun yi imani da su duka.
Su wane ne annabawan Ulul-ʿAzm?
Ulul-ʿAzm, manzanni “ma'abota ƙarfin niyya” (46:35), yawancin malamai sun ce su ne Nuhu, Ibrahim, Musa, Isa da Muhammadu ﷺ, waɗanda aka ambace su tare a 33:7 da 42:13.
Mene ne bambanci tsakanin annabi da manzo?
Alƙur'ani yana amfani da kalmomin biyu, nabī (annabi) da rasūl (manzo), kuma yana kiran wasu mutane da duka biyun, kamar Annabi Musa da Annabi Isma'ila (19:51, 19:54). Malamai sun bayyana bambancin ta hanyoyi da dama. Ra'ayin da aka fi sani shi ne cewa kowane manzo annabi ne amma ba kowane annabi ne manzo ba, domin manzo ana aiko shi da sabon saƙo ko shari'a zuwa ga mutanen da suka ƙi Allah.
Shin Annabi Isa (Yesu) annabi ne a Musulunci?
Eh. Annabi Isa, ɗan Maryamu, yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan annabawa da manzanni a Musulunci, kuma ɗaya daga cikin biyar ma'abota ƙarfin niyya. Musulmi suna son sa kuma suna girmama shi, kuma sun yi imani cewa shi bawan Allah ne kuma manzonsa, ba abin bautawa ba (4:171, 19:30).