Yawancin manhajoji suna neman ku amince musu da bayananku. Awwab ya bi wata hanya daban: ba ma karɓar su tun farko.
Dangantakarku da Allah ita ce abu mafi keɓantacce da kuke da shi. Rubutun sallolinku, halayen da kuke fama da su a cikin Waraka, littafin tunaninku, zagayowar al'adarku: babu ɗayansu da ya dace ya kasance a sabar wani, har da tamu. Don haka mun tsara manhajar Awwab ta yadda tattara su ba zai yiwu ba ta tsarin gininta, ba wai kawai ba zai yiwu ba saboda alƙawari. Wannan rubutun yana bayyana ma'anar hakan a iPhone da Android, 'yan abubuwan da suke barin wayarku, yadda wannan shafin yanar gizo ya bambanta da manhajar, da iyakokin da ba za mu iya gyara muku ba.
Amana, ba dukiya ba
Musulunci yana ɗaukar abin da kuka sani game da wani mutum a matsayin amana. Alƙur'ani yana gaya wa muminai kada su yi wa juna leƙen asiri (Alƙur'ani 49:12) kuma su mayar da amanoni ga masu su (Alƙur'ani 4:58). Yana koyar da cewa ba a shiga gida sai da izini (Alƙur'ani 24:27), kuma Annabi ﷺ ya bayyana cewa an sanya neman izini ƙa'ida ne saboda abin da idanu za su gani in ba haka ba (Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 6241). Ya kuma ce daga kyawun Musuluncin mutum akwai barin abin da bai shafe shi ba (Jāmiʿ at-Tirmidhī 2317, al-Albānī ya ce ṣaḥīḥ ne).
Manhajar sallah tana ganin abubuwa da yawa: lokacin da kuke sallah da lokacin da ba ku yi ba, abin da kuke fama da shi, yadda kuke jin kusanci da Allah a wani maraice. Yawancin wannan ba ruwanmu da shi. Hanya mafi sauƙi ta girmama hakan ita ce kada mu duba kwata-kwata.
Babu sabobi, babu asusu
Babu shiga (login) a cikin manhajar. Ba ku ba mu imel ko kalmar sirri, domin babu inda za su tafi. Manhajar ba ta da sabarmu a bayanta, babu nazarin bayanai (analytics), babu talla kuma babu kayan bin diddigi. Babu abin da kuka shigar da ake aiko mana, don haka ba za mu iya ganinsa, ko sayar da shi, ko miƙa shi ba. Ba mu da rumbun bayanai na masu amfani da manhajar da zai iya zubewa, ko a nemi shi ta kotu, ko a sayar, domin babu shi.
Hakan yana da ɓangaren aikace ma. Ana lissafa lokutan sallah a wayar, daga wurinku da hanyar lissafin da kuka zaɓa, kuma suna aiki ba tare da intanet kwata-kwata ba. Ana tsara tunatarwa a wayar; babu sabar sanarwa (push) da ke gaya wa wayarku lokacin sallah.
iPhone da Apple Watch: iCloud ɗinku
A iPhone, ana ajiye bayananku a na'urar kuma ana daidaita su ta iCloud ɗinku na sirri (CloudKit na Apple, ƙarƙashin Apple ID ɗinku), don su dawo idan kun sami sabon iPhone. Wannan ya haɗa da rubutun sallolinku, duba kai, littafin tunani, bayanan zagayowar al'ada idan kuna bibiyarta, shirye-shiryen Waraka, sakamakon tambayoyi da bayanan kanku. Suna cikin asusunku na Apple, ba namu ba. Apple ne ke adana su kuma yana kare su, kuma ko an ɓoye su daga farko zuwa ƙarshe (end-to-end encryption) ya dogara da saitunan iCloud ɗinku (Advanced Data Protection na Apple), ba a kanmu ba.
Wasu abubuwa ba sa daidaituwa kwata-kwata. Zaɓin manhajojinku na Screen Time, sunan abokin riƙon amananku da lambarsa, da saitunan tunatarwar Waraka suna zama a iPhone. Apple Watch ɗinku yana samun sallolin yau da saitunan da yake buƙata kai tsaye daga iPhone ɗin da aka haɗa shi da shi, ta hanyar haɗin waya-zuwa-agogo na Apple, kuma yana riƙe nasa kwafin.
Garkuwa misali ne mai kyau na sirri ta hanyar tsari. Tana amfani da tsarin Screen Time na Apple, kuma Apple yana ba manhajar manhajojin da kuka zaɓa a matsayin alamomi (tokens) da tsarin kaɗai zai iya karantawa. Awwab zai iya roƙon iOS ya tsare “waɗannan alamomi” a lokacin sallah, amma ba zai iya ganin waɗanne manhajoji ne ba. Taƙaitaccen bayanin amfani da waya Apple ne ke zana shi a cikin nasa kariyayyen shafi. Mun bayyana sauran a cikin Yadda Garkuwa ke aiki.
Android: a cikin wayarku
A Android babu girgijen Awwab. Ana ajiye komai a wayar: rubutun sallolinku, duba kai, littafin tunani, bayanan zagayowar al'ada, shirye-shiryen Waraka, bayanan kanku, wuri da saituna, da jerin manhajojin da Garkuwa take tsarewa. Lokutan sallah suna aiki ba tare da intanet ba a nan ma.
Kamar yawancin manhajojin Android, Awwab yana cikin ajiyar Google ta wayarku sai dai idan kun kashe ta. Muna cire mafi keɓantattun sassa daga cikinta: dukkan abin da ke cikin Waraka (ciki har da abokinku), littafin tunaninku, duba kai, bayanan zagayowar al'ada da sallolin da aka yi wa alamar an ɗauke su lokacin haila. Ajiyar mallakar asusun Google ɗinku ce, kuma a Android 9 zuwa sama ana ɓoye ta da makullin allonku idan kuna da shi.
Garkuwa ta Android tana buƙatar izini biyu, Usage access da “Display over other apps” (nunawa a saman sauran manhajoji). Da su, tana duba a kowace daƙiƙa wace manhaja ce a buɗe yayin da take a kunne, kuma tana nuna tunatarwar sallah a saman manhajojin da kuka zaɓa. Wannan dubawar tana faruwa ne a ƙwaƙwalwar wayar kuma ba a ajiye ta ko aika ta ko'ina.
Sirri ta hanyar tsari yana nufin ba wai ana jure jarabawar ba ne; an cire ta ne.
'Yan abubuwan da suke barin wayarku
“Babu abin da ke barin wayar” zai zama jumla mai daɗi, amma ba za ta zama gaskiya sosai ba, don haka ga jerin gaskiya. Wasu 'yan fasaloli suna buƙatar sabis na wani, kuma babu ɗayansu da ke aiko mana da komai:
- Sunan garinku. Don nuna sunan garinku, manhajar tana roƙon sabis na gano wuri (geocoding) na wayar (na Apple, ko a yawancin wayoyin Android na Google) ya mayar da daidaitattun wurinku sunan wuri. Garin da kuka nema yana zuwa ga wannan sabis ɗin ma.
- Karatun Alƙur'ani. Idan kun taɓa kunna wata aya, sautin yana gudana daga everyayah.com, wanda ke ganin adireshin IP ɗinku da ayar da makarancin da kuka zaɓa.
- Biyan kuɗi. Gudummawa da biyan kuɗin Supporter suna wucewa ta App Store ko Google Play. Muna ganin rahotannin tallace-tallacensu, ba ko wane ne ku ba.
- Abokin riƙon amananku. A cikin Waraka, taɓa Call (Kira), Message (Saƙo) ko WhatsApp yana buɗe wannan manhajar da lambar abokinku. Tattaunawar tana faruwa a can, ba a cikin Awwab ba.
Abubuwa uku ne kawai suke iso mana daga manhajojin: rahotannin faɗuwar manhaja (crash reports), idan kun ba da izinin raba su a saitunan wayarku (Apple da Google suna aiko da su ba tare da bayanin ko wane ne ku ba); jimillar tallace-tallace daga Apple da Google; da duk imel da kuka zaɓi aiko mana.
Ƙarin kulawa ga mafi keɓantattun sassa
Waraka, ɓangaren manhajar na halayen da ke yi wa zuciya nauyi, an kulle ta a bayan Face ID, hoton yatsa ko lambar sirri na na'urarku. Manhajar tana sanin ko buɗewar ta yi nasara ne kawai. A Android, tunatarwar Waraka tana amfani da kalmomi marasa nuna komai, kuma a allon da aka kulle “Awwab” kaɗai ake nunawa. Bibiyar zagayowar al'ada zaɓi ne, kuma bayanansa suna zama a ma'ajiyarku ta sirri. Idan an rubuta lokacin haila, manhajar tana ɗauke sallolin a hankali kuma tana dakatar da Garkuwa, ba tare da wannan bayanin ya tafi ko'ina ba.
Wannan shafin yanar gizo fa?
Gaskiya tana da muhimmanci a nan, domin shafin yanar gizo yana aiki daban da manhajar. Manhajar ba ta da talla kuma ba ta bin diddigi, shi ke nan. Wannan shafin yanar gizo, awwab.app, yana nuna tallace-tallacen Google a wasan yanar gizo, Katunan Shiriya da a yawancin rubuce-rubucen blog, amma sai idan kun yarda da su a sanarwar kukis, kuma ta haka ne wasan da katunan kyauta suke ci gaba da zama kyauta. Wannan rubutun yana ɗaya daga cikin shafukan da babu talla.
Wasan yana aika sunan da kuka zaɓa da makinku zuwa sabarmu, don ya iya tantance amsoshi cikin adalci kuma ya gudanar da teburin maki, inda sunanku yake a fili ga jama'a. Kowane laƙabi ya yi. Idan kun shiga, muna adana imel ɗinku da ci gabanku har sai kun goge asusun, wanda ke ɗaukar taɓawa ɗaya; asusun da babu wanda ya yi amfani da shi tsawon watanni 12 ana iya goge shi. Fom ɗin wasiƙar labarai da na tuntuɓa suna adana abin da kuka aiko. Babu ɗayansu da ake sayarwa ko amfani da shi don talla, kuma manufar sirri ta lissafa kowane abu.
Ku ne kuke da iko
Saboda bayananku suna tare da ku, goge su ma yana hannunku. A iPhone kuna iya goge abubuwa ɗaya-ɗaya a cikin manhajar, ku kuma share kwafin iCloud daga saitunan iCloud na iPhone ɗinku a ƙarƙashin Awwab. A Android kuna iya share ma'ajiyar manhajar, ko cire ta, ku kuma cire kwafin daga ajiyar asusun Google ɗinku. Manufar sirri tana ba da ainihin matakan kowanne.
Abin da ba za mu iya yi muku ba
Tsara tsarin da ba za mu taɓa karɓar bayananku ba yana kare ku daga gare mu. Ba zai iya kare ku daga komai ba. Duk wanda zai iya buɗe wayarku zai iya buɗe manhajar, don haka makullin allo yana da muhimmanci. Asusunku na iCloud da Google suna da aminci ne gwargwadon kalmomin sirrinsu da saitunan tabbatarwa mataki biyu (two-factor). Kuma ajiyar da kuka zaɓi yi tana bin ƙa'idodin sabis ɗin da ke adana ta. Mun fi son mu faɗa muku wannan a sarari da mu bar kalmar “sirri” ta yi kamar sihiri.
Dalilin da yasa muka zaɓi hanya mafi wahala
Da uwar garke (backend) zai fi sauƙi: nazarin bayanai mafi sauƙi, fasaloli mafi sauƙi, dabarun bunƙasa mafi sauƙi. Amma kuma zai nufin rumbun bayanai na sallolin mutane da gwagwarmayarsu, ajiye a wani wuri, yana jiran a yi amfani da shi ba daidai ba. Manhaja game da komawa ga Allah bai kamata ta riƙa cin riba a ɓoye daga kallon ku ba. Gina ta ta wannan hanya ya zama kamar zaɓi ɗaya tilo na gaskiya, kuma alƙawari ne da za mu iya cikawa, domin bai dogara ga kyawun halinmu ba. Ya dogara ne ga rashin isowar bayanan kwata-kwata.
Tushe
Nassoshin Alƙur'ani suna buɗe ayar a quran.com, nassoshin hadisi kuma suna buɗe ruwayar a sunnah.com, inda za ku iya karanta cikakken rubutun. Malaman hadisi sun karɓi ruwayoyin da ke cikin Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī da Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim a matsayin ingantattu; ga sauran littattafai, an ba da darajar hadisin a gefen nassin.
- Alƙur'ani 49:12: kada ku yi wa juna leƙen asiri.
- Alƙur'ani 4:58: ku mayar da amanoni ga masu su.
- Alƙur'ani 24:27: shiga gidaje sai da izini.
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 6241: an sanya neman izini ƙa'ida saboda abin da idanu suke gani.
- Jāmiʿ at-Tirmidhī 2317 (al-Albānī ya ce ṣaḥīḥ ne): barin abin da bai shafe ku ba.
- Manufar Sirri ta Awwab, cikakken jerin abin da manhajojin da wannan shafin yanar gizo suke adanawa, da yadda ake goge shi.
- Apple Support, iCloud data security overview, kariyar bayanai ta yau da kullum da Advanced Data Protection.
- Apple Developer, Family Controls, tsarin Screen Time da zaɓin manhajoji mai kiyaye sirri.
- Android Developers, Back up user data with Auto Backup, yadda Android yake ajiye bayanan manhajoji da yadda manhajoji suke cire fayiloli daga ajiyar.
- Android Developers, UsageStatsManager, API ɗin Usage access da Garkuwa ta Android take karantawa a cikin na'urar.